Immobility can be: relative or absolute.The risk of relative immobility is bedridden, while in absolute immobility is a risk factor for institutionalization, morbidity and mortality and the appearance Caregiver Syndrome.
Causes of immobility:
- Musculoskeletal: joint degenerative processes, hallux valgus, corns, osteoporosis and fractures.
- Neurological Disorders: cerebrovascular disorders, Parkinson's and dementia evolved. This involves pathological gear styles.
- Cardiovascular Disease: Heart failure, ischemic heart disease, peripheral vascular disorders and chronic respiratory disease.
- Drugs: Sedatives, hypnotics, antipsychotics, antihypertensives.
- Psychological and environmental factors: depression, fear of falling, architectural barriers ...
Immobility risk factors: Female, sedentary Elderly, frail elderly, relative immobility, Being older than 85 years, Functional disability prior use walker.
The consequences of inaction are severe, so only bed rest should be saved when absolutely necessary, that is when the risk of the activity exceeds the inactivity.
Once the inmobility in the older people is important to star quickly as possible the specific care for the prevention of organ complications, psychological and social, and environmental adaptation of old to minimize the consequences of inmobility.
There are three main sections in the immobility syndrome treatment: general care, rehabilitation or progressive approach to movement and technical aids, and environmental adaptation.
As with any health problem, prevention is better than cure. In this regard, several studies have assessed the prescription of physical exercise and maintaining physical activity as the best way to prevent immobility and decrease the risk of progression to frailty in older people. The benefits of exercise do not decrease with age, still produced an increase in cardiovascular capacity of the muscles (both in volume and in strength) and bone density, decrease anxiety, aggression and depressive symptoms, and favor the socialization. The older person wearing a type of independent living and active with regular exercise conducting statistically has a lower risk of mortality. Seniors who exercise have always age better and have less functional disability, old age is healthier.
Once the inmobility in the older people is important to star quickly as possible the specific care for the prevention of organ complications, psychological and social, and environmental adaptation of old to minimize the consequences of inmobility.
There are three main sections in the immobility syndrome treatment: general care, rehabilitation or progressive approach to movement and technical aids, and environmental adaptation.
As with any health problem, prevention is better than cure. In this regard, several studies have assessed the prescription of physical exercise and maintaining physical activity as the best way to prevent immobility and decrease the risk of progression to frailty in older people. The benefits of exercise do not decrease with age, still produced an increase in cardiovascular capacity of the muscles (both in volume and in strength) and bone density, decrease anxiety, aggression and depressive symptoms, and favor the socialization. The older person wearing a type of independent living and active with regular exercise conducting statistically has a lower risk of mortality. Seniors who exercise have always age better and have less functional disability, old age is healthier.
Regarding assistive techniques to maintain physical activity when present limitations to perform it, the main ones are: canes, crutches and walkers.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Escudero Sánchez, C. Delgado Antolín, J.C. Incidencia y factores predictores de inmovilización crónica en ancianos mayores de 75 años que viven en la Comunidad, 2001. Disponible en: http://www.elsevier.es/sites/default/files/elseiver/pdf/124/124v36n02a10022132pdf001.pdf
Morales Obregón, L. Nuñez Rodriguez, L. Riesgos biológicos y psicológicos de inmovilización en pacientes geriátricos. Sistema de información científica, 2004. Disponible en:
http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalyc/pdf/2111/211117850007.pdf
http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalyc/pdf/2111/211117850007.pdf
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